How To Build An Outdoor Wood Burner

An outdoor wood burner, also known as a fire pit or chiminea, provides a cozy and inviting atmosphere for outdoor gatherings. Its warmth and flickering flames create a charming ambiance, making it a popular addition to backyards, patios, and campsites. Building your own outdoor wood burner allows for personalized design and customization, ensuring it perfectly complements your outdoor space. This article will guide you through the step-by-step process of constructing a durable and functional wood burner.

Materials and Tools

Before embarking on your construction project, gather the necessary materials and tools. You will need:

Concrete blocks: These form the foundation and structure of the burner.
Refractory mortar: This high-heat-resistant mortar binds the blocks and withstands the intense temperatures generated by the fire.
Firebricks: Placed inside the burner, these specialized bricks can endure the heat and provide a durable surface for the fire.
Metal grate: This allows for air circulation and supports the burning wood.
Mesh screen: Acts as a spark arrester, preventing embers from flying out and potentially starting fires.
Level: Ensures the foundation is stable and level.
Trowel: Applies the mortar efficiently.
Gloves: Protect your hands from the mortar.
Safety glasses: Protect your eyes from debris.

Construction Steps

Follow these steps carefully to build a sturdy and safe outdoor wood burner:

1. Prepare the Site

Choose a suitable location for your wood burner, ensuring it is at least 10 feet away from any flammable structures. Clear the area of debris and vegetation. Mark the desired size and shape of the burner using stakes and string. This will serve as a guide for laying the foundation.

2. Lay the Foundation

Begin by laying the first layer of concrete blocks in a circular or square pattern, depending on your preferred design. Use a level to ensure each block is placed evenly and the foundation is level. Apply a thin layer of refractory mortar between each block to provide a strong bond.

3. Build the Walls

Continue adding layers of blocks, applying mortar between each row. For a larger burner, you may want to create a second layer of blocks. Make sure the mortar is spread evenly and fully adheres to the blocks. Allow each layer to dry thoroughly before moving on to the next.

4. Install the Firebricks

Once the foundation is complete, use refractory mortar to lay the firebricks inside the burner. These bricks line the interior and provide a heat-resistant surface. Arrange them in a circular or square pattern, leaving some space for air circulation. Ensure the bricks are level and well-supported by the mortar.

5. Add the Grate and Screen

After the firebricks are in place, place the metal grate on top. This grate will support the burning wood and allow for air flow. Secure the mesh screen over the top of the grate to prevent sparks from escaping. This promotes fire safety and minimizes the risk of unwanted fires.

6. Cure the Mortar

Allow the refractory mortar to cure completely, following the manufacturer’s instructions. This process typically takes 24-48 hours. During the curing period, avoid applying any weight or pressure to the burner.

Finishing Touches

Once the mortar has cured, you can add finishing touches to personalize your wood burner. Consider these options:

Decorative Stones: Surround the burner with decorative stones to create a visually pleasing border. These stones can enhance the overall aesthetic and blend the burner into your landscaping.
Metal Surround: A metal surround can add a modern touch to your wood burner. It also serves as a barrier, preventing sparks from escaping during the fire.
Lighting: Incorporate lighting elements, such as string lights or lanterns, to create a warm and inviting ambiance around the burner.

Safety Tips

Always prioritize safety when using an outdoor wood burner. Adhere to these guidelines:

Clear the Area: Keep flammable materials like leaves, dry grass, and furniture at least 10 feet away from the burner.
Prevent Sparks: Ensure the spark arrester is in place and functioning correctly.
Supervise the Fire: Never leave the burner unattended, especially when children or pets are present.
Water Source: Keep a hose or bucket of water nearby in case of a fire emergency.
Use Proper Firewood: Use dry, seasoned wood to minimize smoke and maximize heat output.
Dispose of Ashes Properly: Allow the ashes to cool completely before disposing of them in a metal container.

Building your own outdoor wood burner is a rewarding project that allows you to create a unique and functional addition to your outdoor space. By carefully following the instructions and prioritizing safety, you can enjoy the warmth and ambiance of a custom-built fire pit for years to come.